According to the principles outlined in Federalist #51, how does the structure of government achieve control?

The structure of government as outlined in Federalist #51 achieves control through the principle of checks and balances, which is effectively established by mixing responsibilities among the branches. James Madison argues that government should be set up so that the different branches have distinct powers and responsibilities, ensuring that no single branch becomes too powerful or can operate without oversight. This intermingling of responsibilities helps to create a system where each branch can check the others, thus maintaining a balance of power that ultimately protects against tyranny and abuse.

By assigning different functions to various branches—namely, the legislative, executive, and judicial branches—this structure fosters accountability while also preventing any one entity from dominating the others. This design reflects the understanding that human nature is prone to ambition and self-interest; therefore, having various branches compete and check each other becomes essential for controlling power effectively.

The other options do not align as closely with the principles established in Federalist #51. Enhancing public opinion, limiting the influence of factions, and increasing executive power address important facets of governance but do so in ways that do not directly explain how the structure itself controls power through the balance and separation of duties among branches.